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CONTENTS YEAR 2014 Asian J. Exp. Sci., Vol. 28, No. 2, 2014; 1-7
*
R. Srinivas, * C. Manjulatha, * M. Ratna Raju, ** K. Ramesh Babu
*Department of Zoology, College of Science and Technology, Andhra University-530 003 **Department of Marine Living Resource, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530 003 Corresponding author email Id: rsrinivasu@gmail.com
Abstract : The current study was carried out for 147 days to assess the Vibrio count of Litopenaeus vannamei culture ponds from Vadacheepurupalli, Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh, India. Three ponds were selected, one is control and other two were experimental (Pond A and B). The physico-chemical parameters of the culture ponds were recorded by adopting standard methods. During summer crop the control ponds were harvested at 24.0 gm on 107 th day and at 31.0 gm on 121 st day for the year 2012 and 2013 respectively due to the incidence of Vibriosis disease. Where as in winter crop during 2012 the control pond was harvested at 5.5 gm on 47 th day because of Vibriosis but in 2013 the control pond was harvested normally at 32.5 gm on 145 th day, as this pond is free of Vibriosis. Experimental ponds were harvested normally in summer season at 30.5 gm on 124 th day & 31.0 gm on 127 th day during 2012 and 34.0 gm on 127 th day & 35.5 gm on 127 th day in the year 2013 respectively. Where as in winter season of 2012 the experimental ponds were harvested normally at 28.0 gm on 124 th day as well as on 127 th day. In the year 2013 winter, the experimental ponds were harvested at 36.0 gm at 146th day and 35.5 gm at 147 th day respectively. This study suggests that the probiotics are the key agents which have a great impact on the reduction of total Vibrio count in culture ponds of L. vannamei.
Key words : Litopenaeus vannamei, Vibrio, sediment and temperature.
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Dermatophytes Among Commensal Rats In Kerala, India
Manuel Thomas 1* , M. Thangavel 1 , and Rogimon P. Thomas 2
1*.
R& D Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India PIN 641 105;
Abstract : Dermatophytes are closely related fungi which invade skin, hair, and nails (keratinized tissues) to develop infection, popularly called dermatophytosis and are considered as an emerging group of fungi. Animals, especially rodents have pivotal role in the transmission of dermatophytes to humans as well as animals. Thus a study was conducted to evaluate the carrier status of dermatophytes among commensal rats in Kerala. A total of 15 species of dermatophytes were identified from the collected 75 rats. The presence of emerging pathogens like dermatophytes in commensal rats is alerting, as human rat contacts are ineluctable in the particular environment in Kerala.
Key words :Microsporum, Trichophyton, Bandicotta indica, Rattus, Zoonotic Fungal Diseases
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QSAR Analysis of Glutathione Reductase Inhibitors as Potent Anti-Malarials
Ankita Agarwal , Ruchi Mishra
Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali University, Rajasthan-304022, India
Abstract : Robust QSAR models were developed using MLR, PLS and FFNN for a set of 29, 4-aminoquinoline derivatives as Pf (K1 strain) glutathione reductase (GR) inhibitors. The statistical values of all the developed models were analyzed and compared. The results obtained from MLR, PLS models were comparable to the FFNN model. The results obtained from this study indicate that Dipole Moment X Component, VAMP LUMO and First Atom E- State index of 4-aminoquinoline derivatives plays an important role in determining the anti-malarial activity of the said compounds.
Key words: Quantitative structure activity relationship, Multiple linear regression, Partial least square, Feed forward neural network.
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New Larval Host Plants For Some Tropical Butterflies Of Southern Andhra Pradesh - India
P. Harinath and S.P. Venkata Ramana,
Department of Zoology, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa-516003 A.P.
Introduction :While investigating the life history strategies and larval performance of several butterfly species in the hill regions of Lankamalai, Thalakona, Belum & Tirumala of Southern Andhra Pradesh during January 2012 to December 2013, two Nymphalid Precis species the Peacock pansy Precis almana (Linn.) and the yellow pansy Precis hierta (Linn.), the other Nymphalid butterflies. The great egg fly Hypolimnas bolina (Linn.) and the blue tiger Tirumala limniace laying eggs on plants not earlier reported. We found new larval host plant in the same vegetation but feeding at different time period. The list was given below
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Rahim Khabaz, Farhad Yaghobi
Physics Department, Faculty of Sciences, Golestan University,6Gorgan, Iran
Abstract : A major advantage of Sodium Iodide scintillator, NaI(Tl), is its high efficiency in gamma ray detection. In this research, Using experimental values of Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM), the response functions of a 4 in × Ø 4 in NaI(Tl) detector were investigated by MCNP4C code using GEB option as a special treatment for tallies. Computational results were compared with measured data by using standard gamma ray sources to check their accuracy. Then, the intrinsic efficiency was calculated for several source-detector distances and various sizes of NaI(Tl) detectors. Calculations were performed analytically as well as Monte Carlo method. It was found that the intrinsic efficiency has a minimum at d/R=0.8 (d is source-detector distance and R is the detector radius), independent of gamma energy. This minimum is justified by using the Dirac theory for the mean chord of photons in the detector.
Key words :Gamma ray; Detection; NaI(Tl); Response function; Efficiency PACS : 29.30.Kv
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A colony of Fruit bat (Pteropus giganteus) in Thane city, Maharashtra.
Bhatnagar, P.S.
Western Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Sector No 26, Ravet Road, Akurdi
Abstract :Fruit bat (Pteropus giganteus) has a wide distribution in India and play important role in pollination and seed dispersal. A colony of bats of nearly 1000 such bats were observed in Thane city near Cadbury chowk. Thane is also a city of lakes and lake revival has been undertaken by the concerned authorities. Small lakes can possibly be revived through voluntary participation. About 52% area is under green cover and forest. Sustainable development will be helpful not only for bats and other species but also for human beings.
Key words: Fruit bat, Conservation, Green cover , lake revival
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Nutraceutical Profile Of Selected Oils, Distillates And Butters
RIPAL R. KHAMAR & Y. T. JASRAI
Department of Botany, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University,
Abstract :The mixed tocopherol , phytosterol and sqalene were estimated in the oils and their deodorized distillate (remove of flavor) available in the India market and to know about the nutraceuticals value in respect with tocopherol (vitamin E), Phytosterol and squalene.The oils taken in the investigation were Amaranth oil, Avocado oil, Cashew nut shell oil, Castor oil, Coconut oil, Corn/Maize oil, Cottonseed oil, Cumin oil, Fish oil, Groundnut oil, Linseed oil, Mustard oil, Neem oil, Olive oil, Palm oil, Pomegranate seed oil, Psyllium seed oil, Rice bran oil, Safflower oil, Sesame oil, Soybean oil, Sunflower oil and Wheat germ oil. Avacado oil contains highest quantity of mixed tocopherol while the lowest % is found in coconut, cumin, flaxed seed , neem and pomegranate oils. Phytosterol was highest in Pumpkin seed oil and lowest in Sesame seed oil. Sqalene (precursor to cholesterol) was highest in Amaranth seed oil and Mango butter oils and lowest in Shea butter. In deodorised distillate, phytosterol was highest in Soya bean oil but lowest in Olive oil. However, Sqalene was highest in distillate of Olive oil and lowest in distillate of Groundnut oil.Punicic acid (polysaturated fatty acid) and sesamin (a lignin) were present in Palm oil, Pomegranate seed oil and Sesame oil raw and in distillates.
Key words: Edible oil, Distillate, Butter, Nutraceutical profile, Tocopherol, Vitamin E
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Enzyme Cholinesterases. A Review
Santosh Kumar , Madhavi Gaur and Urmila Saluja
Former Vice Chancellor, Dr. H.S.Gour University, Sagar (M.P)
Introduction :The enzyme, cholinesterase belongs to esterases, a subgroup of hydrolytic enzymes which are found in many tissues throughout the body. An organic ester is the result of action between an organic acid and an alcohol to yield an inorganic salt. Similarly, ester can also be formed due to action between an inorganic acid and an alcohol, for example, between phosphoric acid and alcohol. The main characteristic feature is that the group of esterases hydrolyzes choline esters at a higher rate than other forms of esters (Augustinsson, 1948, 1949,1950, 1963 and 1974). The esterases can be classified into three main groups as under
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