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CONTENTS YEAR 2013 Asian J. Exp. Sci., V 27, No. 2, 2013; 1-2.
Evaluation of seeds of Celastrus paniculatus Willd. - A potential medicinal plant of Pharmacopoeia
Kaushal Kumar, S. G. Abbas and M.H. Siddiqui
Faculty of Forestry, Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi-834006 Email: drkaushal_ethnobotany@yahoo.co.in
Abstract : Celastrus paniculatus Willd. (Celastraceae) is a potential medicinal plant extensively used in ayurvedic medicinal systems. The seeds oil of these medicinal plants is used for the treatment of large numbers of diseases. The seeds of this plant were collected from four regions of Jharkhand state and the various constitution and oil were compared with the parameters described in the Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia of Govt. of India. The percentage of oil contents of Celastrus paniculatus Willd. ranges from 43.2 to 44.67 % while the contents of the oil mentioned in pharmacopeia is 45%. The similarities in other contents like foreign matter, total ash, acid insoluble ash, alcohol soluble extract and water soluble extract too is identical. It is, therefore, suggested that the Celastrus paniculatus Willd. should be protected and awareness should be generated amongst public private sector for the production of seed oil at cheap rate for medicinal use.
Key words : Celastrus paniculatus, Seed oil, Pharmacopoea, Quality evaluation
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P. K. Kathal and V. K. Singh
Centre of Advanced Study in Geology
Abstract : An overview of the studies, mostly related to the taxonomy, ecology of the littoral Recent foraminifera (Protozoa) and the zoogeographical affinity of the east coast of India has been attempted on the basis of the published literature. The study shows that the Recent foraminifera along the east coast of India show affinity with the Indo-Pacific faunal province.
Key words :Foraminifera, Taxonomy, East coast beaches, India
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Effect of growth regulatory hormones on the germination stored seeds of Withania somnifera
Monika Christian
Tissue culture & Seed Technology laboratory, Botany Department,
Abstract : In the present study the effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) and kinetin (KIN) on the germination and dormancy on the stored seeds of medical plant, Withania somnifera (Var. WS 20) has been studied. Seeds of Withania somnifera (Var. WS 20) were stored at constant temperature in desiccators and the germination data was taken up to 2 years with interval of 6 months. The parameters include are speed of germination (QI) , average root length (SVI) and average total length (SVI - II). In addition to these parameters, the measurements of average root length, average shoot length, average total length, average fresh weight, and average dry weight, average root length, average shoot length, average total length, average fresh weight, average dry weight were also calculated. The quantity/concentration of both plant growth regulators was used between 10-5M- 10-7M. The presoaking treatment was given to seeds. The findings of the study show that gibberellic acid (GA3) with 10-5 M and kinetin (KIN) 10-7M are better for acquiring % germination (%G), the quality index and seedling vigour index (SVI-1 and SVI-11) in fresh and partially aged (1 year and 2 year) seeds . Comparative data suggest that the storage potential of seeds, Withania somnifera (Var. WS 20) can be improved significantly with the help of PGRs.
Key words: Regulatory hormones, Germination, Withania somnifera
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Haripriya Parthasarathy and Smruti Thombare
Deptt. of Biological Sciences, Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College,
Abstract :For several years, varieties of plants have been used throughout India to treat oral care issues and are used till date in rural as well as urban areas. The inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts and essential oil of three plants, Neem (Azadirachta indica), Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) against clinical isolates identified as Staphylococcus auricularis, Micrococcus species, Acinetobacter lwoffii and Candida albicans, were studied. Cinnamon extract successfully inhibited all four organisms showing largest zones of inhibition. Clove oil inhibited S. auricularis, A. lwoffii and C. albicans but not Micrococcus. Neem oil did not show any significant activity against any organisms. Toothpastes were then formulated using effective plant extract showed the antimicrobial activity.
Key words: Aqueous extract, Azadirachta indica, Syzygium aromaticum, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Staphylococcus auricularis, Micrococcus species, Acinetobacter lwoffii, Candida albicans.
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The Study of Nidification Behavior In Red Wattled Lapwings, Vanellus indicus
V.L. Saxena and A. K. Saxena*
Department of Zoology, D.G.College, Kanpur-208001
Abstract : The present study focuses on the nidification and courtship behavior of Red Wattled Lapwings. During breeding season the male bird select the territory. Both male and female take part in building nest. The nest is generally a circular depression encircled by stones or pieces of hard clay. Four eggs are led in each nest. During the mid-March and June the birds exhibit courtship behavior. Male first gives signals of courtship. The female respond by emitting a mating call. The incubated is completed by both parents. Eggs hatch into nidifugous chicks in 28-30 days. Both parents protect territory and protect their own plumage completely (3-5 weeks) tills become good fliers. .
Key words:Nidification, Courtship, Clutch size, Nidifugous
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Vinod Kumar Gupta and Indira Chaturvedi
Department of Zoology
Abstract :The present study shows the occurrence of autoreplicative protocell-like model "Jeewanu" for the origin of life in the possible prebiotic atmosphere. The Jeewanu has been prepared in the laboratory in a sunlight exposed sterilized aqueous mixture of some inorganic and organic substances(Bahadur and Ranganyaki;1970). An attempt has been made to study histology of these artificially prepared particles with acidic and basic dyes. The investigation revealed that Jeewanu has orderly structural organization with metabolic characteristics. In prebiotic atmosphere possibly energy transducing systems similar to Jeewanu existed which had an ability to convert solar energy into useful forms.
Key words: Jeewanu, Protocell, Supramolecular assemblies, Abiogenesis, Origin of life , Chemoton model.
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Barriers to Breast Cancer Screening In Young Indian Women: A Tale of Two Cities
A.Vidyarthi*, A.Soumya**, S.Choudhary , B.K.Sinha#
* Onco-Surgeon, Guru Nanak Hospital and Research Center
Abstract :Screening for breast cancer reduces mortality by 30 - 40% but there are many psychological barriers to screening. A comparative case study was undertaken in young well educated Indian women to map the barriers to screening and their relation to the socio-cultural milieu. Volunteers from two premier educational institutes of Ranchi and Chennai were required to respond to a self completion questionnaire recording their attitudes to breast cancer screening. The responses were marked on a scale of 1-5. The two cohorts were from similar social and economic backgrounds and had equally fair knowledge of Breast cancer but differed in their access to healthcare and their choice of dress. The significant differences in outcome variables of embarrassment, fear and barrier in the two cohorts were found to correlate to the centre of study only. The authors postulate that this may be the due the influence of their present social environment i.e. 'neighbourhood'.
Key words: Breast cancer, Screening, Barriers, Socio-cultural parameters, Knowledge of breast cancer
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K. Ramesh Babu
Department of Marine Living Resources, College of Science and Technology
Abstract :The impact of various combinations of live feeds and frozen feeds such as polychaete, squid meat, crab meat and beef liver was tested on the maturity and spawning of the shrimp Penaeus monodon. Females with weight ranges 86g to 96g were selected for the present experimentation. The shrimps were fed with five different combinations at the rate of 15% of their body weight. Feed combinations selected for current study was crab and polychaete, oyster and polychaete, squid and clam, beef liver and squid, and oyster and beef liver. We applied different ablated methods to evaluate the reproductive ability of wild and pond reared Penaeus monodon The great reproductive performance was achieved when shrimps fed with Feed-I, the reproductive performance based on fecundity was identified by the number of eggs in gravid females. Future research efforts focused on the artificial diets which contain both live and frozen feed combinations will be essential for the improved egg quality in tank- reared Penaeus monodon. Thereby increasing the consistency and reliability of maturation diets for better quality nauplii production.
Key words: Penaeus momodon, Spawning, Fecundity, Hatching, nauplii, Survival rate
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Arpana Mishra
Department of Botany, Govt. Chhatrasal P. G. College,
Abstract : Lantana camara is notorious weed and a popular ornamental garden plant belonging to the family verbenaceae. L.camara is native to tropical and subtropical America. An experiment was conducted to understand inhibitory effects of aqueous leaf extracts derived from L.camara on growth of P.hysterophorus in fruiting stage. Bioassay also indicated that the inhibitory effect was proportional to the concentrations of the extracts and higher concentration had the stronger inhibitory effect.
Key words: Allelochemicals, Leaf extract, Fruiting stage
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Namdeo, A., Tembhre, M.,* Banerjee, S., Gour, S. and Ahirwar, S.
MLB Govt Girls (Autonomous) PG College, Bhopal, India
Abstract : Influence of ethanol leaf extract of Datura stramonium, an indigenous plant used in ayurvedic medicine in India and commonly used organophosphorus pesticide; chlorpyriphos on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, kinetics and histology were investigated in the brain of Catla catla. The recovery of inhibited AChE by both compounds was also determined. It was observed that 96 hrs exposure of Datura stramonium leaf extract (100 mg/L) produces 47.2% AChE inhibition and chlorpyriphos (0.00073 mg/L) elicits 33% AChE inhibition. A considerable synergistic inhibitory effect was found in the brain AChE with pre-treatment of Datura stramonium leaf extract followed by chlorpyriphos exposure. This treatment could yield 60% inhibition. The recovery of Datura stramonium extract-induced AChE inhibition was ranged from 1.6% (48 hrs) to 11.7% (120 hrs) while chlorpyriphos-induced AChE inhibition was recovered to 8.1% (48 hrs) and 23.8% (120 hrs). Kinetic study of AChE also showed inhibitory potential of these compounds. The Km of control group was 0.41 x 10-3 M. This was increased to 0.9 x 10-3 M (Datura stramonium extract), 0.76 x 10-3 M (chlorpyriphos), and 1.1 x 10-3 M (pre-treated with Datura stramonium extract followed by chlorpyriphos exposure). The Vmax values were constant i.e. 0.11 activity/min/mg protein in control and treated groups showing competitive AChE inhibition. The cyto-architectural profile of treated brain shows histological alterations indicated by varying degree of necrosis and vacuolation in the molecular and granular layers.
Key words: Acetylcholinesterase, Brain,I Inhibition, Kinetics, Histology.
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An Advance Technique for Solving Assignment Problems
P.R. Sharma*, S. Shukla**
*Department of Mathematics, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur (India)
Abstract :The assignment problem is a typical combinatorial optimization problem. Classical Assignment Problem (AP) is a well-known topic world-wide. In this problem cij denotes the cost for assigning the jth job to the ith person. This cost is usually deterministic in nature. But in realistic situations, it may not be practicable to know the precise values of these costs. We consider many classical problems from location theory which may serve as theoretical models for several logistic problems such that some linear or quadratic function attains its minimum. It turns out that linear objective function yields a linear assignment problem, which can be solved easily by several primal- dual methods like Hungarian method, Shortest augmenting path method etc. Aim of the paper is to investigate a new approach to solve assignment problems of different types. This method proposes momentous advantages over similar methods.
Key words: Assignment Problem, Branch, Bound Technique.
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