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CONTENTS YEAR
2000
1. |
Bioactivity of
Oil Extracted from Vitex negundo L. (Verbenaceae) on Insects
SUophilus oryzae L.(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Rhyzopertha
dominica F. (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae)
Santosh, D.K. Tewary and P. Vasudevan
Center for Rural Development and Technology,
Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi.
Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110016.
Essential oil
extracted from the plant Vitex negundo L. was tested for
its bioactivity against Sitophilus oryzae Land
Rhyzopertha dominica F. by treating the grain samples with
different concentrations of the oil. To evaluate the persistence
of the oil’s bioefficacy, insects were inoculated in the treated
wheat grain at different time intervals. Response varied with
insect species. However, oil’s activity against both the insects
showed a decreasing trend when inoculation time was increased
after the treatment. On inoculating the insects immediately and
15 days after the grain treatment with the oil, the LC50
values for S. oryzae and R. dominica were found to
be 12 and 17
mL
oil/500 gm grain respectively. The same values increased to 196,
332 mL
respectively when inoculation was done 75 days after the
treatment. Only 9, 16 mL
oil/500 gm required to cause 50 percent reduction in adult
emergence of F1 progeny when inoculation was made immediately
and 15 days after the treatment. The oil was analysed by GC
using Fill detector to determine its constituents. The effect of
oil on water absorption capacity and germination potential of
the grain was also determined and found to be in the normal
range.
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2. |
Effect of
Lucerne and Berseem Leaves Concentrate Supplementation With or
Without Ascorbic Acid on the Iron Status of Young Women
B. Mathur, A. Goyle, S. Varma, A. Arya, A. Rathi
Department of Home Science,
*Department of Zoology
University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302 004
The study determined the effect of
oral Leaf Concentrate (LC), a dark green powder extracted from
plants like Lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) and berseem (Trifolium
alexandrium L.) supplementation with and without ascorbic
acid on the iron status on 30 young women over an intervention
period of l4 weeks. Of the 3 groups of 10 subjects each, one
experimental group received 6g LC supplementation, the other
received LC and ascorbic acid (125 mg) supplementation while the
third group was control, which did not receive any
supplementation. Blood analysis for iron status determination
was conducted pre and post-intervention. Dietary data were
collected through a 3 day 24 hour dietary recall method. The
dietary intakes of all the 3 groups were comparable. The diets
were found to be low in iron rich foods but were adequate in
ascorbic acid. Post-intervention, blood analysis showed that the
two experimental groups exhibited a better blood picture as
compared to the control group. Hemoglobin levels of the
experimental groups II and I improved significantly while the
control group showed no such improvement. Results highlighted
increases in haematocrit and TRBC levels as well. An increase in
serum iron and consequent decrease in serum TIBC levels was
noted in the experimental groups. Thus, supplementation did not
add to iron absorption.
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3. |
The Seasonal
Effects on the Biology of Leucinodes orbonalis Guen. During
Summer and Winter
A. Mathur, A. Saxena and LV Jain
Department of Zoology,
Raj. Rishi. College,
Alwar, Rajasthan.
Brinjal shoot
and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guen. is the most
destructive insect pest on brinjal is cultivation. Comparative
studies were carried out at Umren region, Alwar in winter 2001
and summer 2002 to understand the influence of ecological
factors (temperature and relative humidity) on the population of
insect pest, Leucinodes orbonalis Guen. It is noted that
a highly significant difference occurs in the time period at the
larval stage whereas a significant difference occurred at pupal
and adult stage and a non-significant difference in the egg
stage. The total development period was found to be 37 ± 2.31
days and 28.2 ± 1.2 days in winter and summer, respectively. The
difference in these and other stages was significantly different
owing to the difference of temperature and relative humidity
values, thereby reflecting the effect of two important
ecological factors viz. temperature and relative humidity
on the total development period as well as on the individual
developmental stages.
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4. |
Biochemical
Alterations in the Haemolymph of Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (NPV)
Infected Larvae of Spodoptera tUura (Fab.)
Vinod Kumari and N.P. Singh
Department of Zoology
University of Rajasthan,
Jaipur-302 004, Rajasthan, India.
The effect of nuclear polyhedrosis
virus (NPV) on pathophysiology of Spodoptera litura (Fab.)
larvae was studied at 24.48 and 72 hours post infection. The
infection resulted in significant changes in various biochemical
parameters of haemolymph. Protein carbohydrate, uric acid and
lipid contents were higher in treated larvae as compared to
untreated control. The increase was maximum for 5 day old larvae
at 72 hpi in case of protein, carbohydrate and lipid and for 8
day old larvae at 48 hpi in case of uric acid.
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5. |
Effect of
Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki on Biochemical Changes in
Haemolymph of Helicoverpa arniigera (Hubner) Larvae
R. Tripathi and N.P. Singh
Department of Zoology
University of Rajasthan,
Jaipur - 302004, Rajasthan
Biochemical estimation of
haemolymph of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki
infected larvae of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) revealed
that protein and carbohydrate content increased whereas, lipid
content decreased. The reason for changes are discussed. The LC50
values amounting for III, IV and V instar larvae were 809.37,
2095.57 and 2605.54 IU/mg, respectively.
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6. |
Alteration in
the Diameter of Seminiferous Tubules of Irradiated Mouse
Pretreated with a Thiophosphate Radioprotector (WR-2721)
Jaimala and S. Pahadiya
University of Rajasthan,
Jaipur-302004 (India).
Adult Swiss
albino mice were exposed to different acute doses of gamma
radiation with and without pretreatment with a thiophosphate
radioprotector (WR-2721) and were sacrificed at various post
irradiation intervals. It was found that irradiation led to a
remarkable reduction of reversible nature in diameter of the
seminiferous tubules. The thiophosphate pretreatment checked
this reduction to a significant extent and reduced the recovery
time. The reduction in the tubular diameter was maximum at the
highest irradiation dose (i.e. 8 Gy) and was minimum at
the lowest dose (i.e. 3 Gy) in both the groups. The
trends and causes have been discussed.
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7. |
β-carotene
against Radiation-induced Oxidative Stress in Mice Brain
Manish Kumar Sharma and Rashmi Sisodia
Radiation Biology Laboratory,
Department of Zoology,
University of Rajasthan,
Jaipur-302004, Rajasthan.
Fourteen days
oral administration of b-carotene
(35 mg/Kg body weight) followed by an acute dose of gamma
radiation (5 Gy) checked the augmentation of thiobarbituric acid
reactive substance (TBARS) with a statistically significant
protection against GSH in Swiss albino mice brain. The
antioxidative property of
b-carotene
against gamma radiation is suggestive of free radical scavenging
and singlet oxygen quenching.
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